Billions in Brazil Jets, Buses for Iran Stall on U.S. Sanctions

The plane-maker is in advanced negotiations to sell at least 20 E195 jets with a total list price of more than $1 billion, while the bus manufacturer is in talks to supply part of the 27,000 units Tehran is seeking, according to Mahdi Rounagh, a senior official at Iran’s Foreign Ministry and until recently deputy ambassador in Brasilia.

The problem is that Brazilian banks are reluctant to deal with Iran for fear of penalties by the U.S., even after Washington lifted restrictions on non-U.S. banks. Their concern is that their U.S. assets and subsidiaries could classify them as U.S. banks, according to two senior bank executives in Brasilia. Business and government officials say Brazil must try harder to find alternatives, such as using smaller European banks that don’t operate in the U.S, according to Bloomberg.

"We have been in contact with several banks to explain that it is possible to find solutions that would benefit not only Brazilian companies but the banks themselves," Rodrigo de Azeredo Santos, Brazil’s top diplomat for trade, said in an interview. He didn’t name the banks because the discussions are not public. "We are talking about big contracts."

“We have no objection and we do not stand in the way of foreign banks engaging with Iranian banks and companies, obviously as long as those banks and companies are not on our sanctions list for non-nuclear reasons,” U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry said in remarks before meeting with Iranian Foreign Minister Mohammad Javad Zarif in April. Any financial transactions cannot be done in U.S. dollars or involve the U.S. financial system. 

The U.S. Embassy in Brasilia did not reply to repeated requests for comments on sanctions on Iran and their implications on Brazilian trade deals.

Most nuclear-related sanctions started to be eased last year under a historic deal with major powers. The multilateral Financial Action Task Force (FATF) decided in June to put some Iran restrictions on hold for one year.

Exports Boon

Export deals could strengthen the new administration of President Michel Temer in its efforts to boost revenue and create more jobs as the unemployment rate surges to 11.8 percent. Whether Brazil will be able to pull off the deals estimated to be worth at least $2 billion and keep up with some of its global competitors, will also be a gauge of his administration’s pledge to cut through red tape and promote a business friendly environment.

A big order from Iran could come in good time for Embraer, which on Tuesday announced a second voluntary dismissal plan. Last month it accepted 1,463 applications for voluntary redundancy, or about 10 percent of its total workforce, to help adjust operations “to the contracting global airspace market demand,” the company said in a statement.

Outside of Brazil, PSA Group this year agreed in principle to two joint-ventures to assemble cars in Iran after withdrawing from the country in 2012. Iran’s industry minister in June said he hopes to sign contracts with a German carmaker soon.

"Of course we have every interest in promoting trade with Iran, it’s an attractive market," Brazilian Foreign Minister Jose Serra told Bloomberg on the sidelines of an event in New York in September. "We’re all working hard on this.”

Embraer has been courting Iranian carriers. In late August it invited 200 Iranian businessmen and politicians to showcase one of its jets at a Tehran airport, according to a company statement sent by e-mail. Economy Minister Ali Tayebnia is scheduled to head a business delegation in a visit to Brazil in November, according to both foreign ministries.

"Embraer is keen to develop successful relationships with Iran’s airline operators," the company said in the e-mail. The company is also seeking an export license from Washington to sell Iran its jets, which contain U.S.-made components.

Boeing and Airbus last month obtained such licenses to renew Iran’s aging fleet of aircraft. Airbus said in an e-mail that it expects to begin delivering this year and that the deal’s financing is confidential. Boeing CEO Dennis Muilenburg said Oct. 4 he sees no Iran jet deliveries in 2016.

An executive for Marcopolo said there are still issues on how Iran could pay Brazilian companies. "There are financial obstacles regarding letters of credit," said Ricardo Portolan, the company’s export manager.

To keep up with its competitors, Brazil needs to be more creative in finding financing alternatives, said Senator Armando Monteiro, who headed a business delegation to Tehran last year when he was trade minister. "We could use oil as a currency or be paid through investments in refinery plants in Iran, for example," he said.

Brazilian banks have been in touch with U.S. Treasury officials and are exploring means to set up triangular transactions via smaller European banks, according to Azeredo.

Banco do Brasil, which handles much of the country’s foreign trade financial transactions, said in a statement that "it respects legislation and international agreements in regard to the issue," in response to a question on its role in financing trade deals between Brazilian companies and Iran.

"Brazilians have to make sure we can close the deals quickly. Our needs are urgent. If we can’t reach an agreement, we’ll purchase what we need from other countries," said Rounagh, the Iranian diplomat.