America's Labor Market Is Getting Better by Almost Any Measure

EghtesadOnline: America’s labor market might not be as great yet as President Donald Trump wants, but by almost any measure, it’s getting better.

News ID: ۷۴۰۲۸۵

11 March 2017

Employers added an above-forecast 235,000 positions in February, while measures of joblessness and underemployment improved, the Labor Department’s monthly report showed on Friday. Wage growth picked up and the share of prime-age Americans in the labor force rose to the highest since 2011, suggesting the economy’s strength is drawing people off the sidelines, according to Bloomberg.

While some of last month’s labor-market gains can be chalked up to unseasonably warm weather, particularly in construction, the figures are still solid and effectively seal a Federal Reserve interest-rate increase next week. Analysts expect wage gains to gradually accelerate further, which will underpin consumer spending, the principal driver of economic growth, amid a first quarter that’s looking tepid.

“If you dig a bit deeper, there are three strong reasons for optimism: in the weather-adjusted data, in the wage growth and in the unemployment and participation rate,” said Gregory Daco, head of U.S. macroeconomics at Oxford Economics in New York.

Daco estimated that “weather-sensitive sectors” added about 75,000 jobs in February. Construction jobs rose by 58,000, the strongest gain in almost a decade, and followed a 40,000 increase in January.

The report reinforces prospects for two more Fed rate hikes this year following an anticipated move next week, while giving Trump a political boost with numbers that represent his first full month in office. “GREAT AGAIN: +235,000,” Trump posted on his Twitter account in a retweet of a Drudge Report headline and link to a Bloomberg News article on the employment data.

Industrial Goods

Goods-producing industries, which include mining, construction and manufacturing, added 95,000 jobs in February, the most since 2000. The latest figures are “consistent with the cyclical upturn in industrial activity around year-end” in the U.S. and other developed economies, said Michael Gapen, chief U.S. economist at Barclays Plc in New York.

Consumer and business optimism for the economy have surged since Trump’s election, and that could result in a “modest boost in hiring,” but it will take actual policy changes to drive investment by companies, Gapen said. Such spending has been relatively lackluster over the past year.

“Yes, the sentiment has improved and equity valuations have risen, financial conditions have eased,” said Gapen, who previously worked at the Fed. “The longer that stays around, yes, you’d expect it to matriculate into some hard data, including labor market data. But at some point, you have to have the policies -- otherwise that sentiment will reverse.”

Trump, who called the main unemployment rate “phony” during the campaign, can take comfort from improvement in several other gauges of the labor market.

The prime-age participation rate, which covers people ages 25 to 54, is a measure that Trump had previously highlighted as deteriorating under President Barack Obama. That level rose to 81.7 percent in February, up from 80.6 percent in September 2015, which matched the lowest since 1984.

Labor Slack

Another measure of labor market slack, the U-5 rate, fell to 5.7 percent from 5.8 percent, matching the lowest level since 2007. Cited as an alternative indicator by Treasury Secretary Steven Mnuchin, the rate includes discouraged workers as well other so-called marginally attached workers, who aren’t working or actively looking for work but want a job.

The U-6, or underemployment rate, fell to 9.2 percent, which matched the lowest figure since 2008. That rate also includes part-time employees who want full-time work.

While not all the February data were strong -- retail jobs fell 26,000, reversing part of a gain of almost 40,000 in January -- economists saw many encouraging signs in the data, from hiring to the pickup in wages and rising participation.

“We read the report as strong in all categories and expect it will give the Fed more confidence in pursuing three rate hikes this year,” Citigroup Inc.’s Andrew Hollenhorst and Andrew Labelle said in a note.