A total of 3.08 million tons of semi-finished steel products were exported from Iran in the first five months of the current fiscal year (March 21-Aug. 22), up 39% compared with the previous year’s similar period.
Billet and bloom had the lion’s share of semis exports with an aggregate of 2.05 million tons, 16% higher than the previous corresponding period.
Slab exports amounted to 1.03 million tons during the period, up 128% year-on-year.
Exports of finished steel products jumped by 88% to 1.39 million tons during the five months under review.
Rebar accounted for the largest portion of finished steel products exported from Iran during the period, with 1.01 million tons. The total volume of Iran’s rebar exports experienced a 99% growth compared with the same period of last year.
Beam exports amounted to 52,000 tons during the period under review, down 7% YOY.
About 72,000 tons of L-beam, T-beam and other types were also exported from Iran during the period, recording a 26% rise YOY.
Hot-rolled coil exports amounted to 215,000 tons, registering a 162% growth compared with the year before.
Cold-rolled coil with 3,000 tons registered an 81% decline year-on-year and coated coil with 47,000 tons, up 81% YOY, was the other finished steel products exported from Iran.
Exports of direct-reduced iron increased by 190% YOY to 490,000 tons, ISPA figures show.
DRI, also known as sponge iron, is produced from direct reduction of iron ore in the form of lumps, pellets or fines by a reducing gas. It can be processed to create wrought iron.
Iran and India are the world’s biggest producer of DRI.
Imports
Imports of finished steel increased by 1% YOY to 338,000 tons during the same period.
The imports mostly included HRC with 58,000 tons, down 55%; CRC with 146,000 tons, up 62%; coated coil with 99,000, up 15%; L-beam, T-beam and other types with 15,000 tons, unchanged YOY; rebar with 13,000 tons, up 8% and beam with 7,000 tons, up 40%.
Semi-finished steel imports made up 2,000 tons of the total import volume, down 33% YOY.
Iran imported 1,000 tons of billet and bloom in the period, down 50% YOY. Slab imports stood at 1,000 tons, unchanged from last year's same period.
Marked Decline in Output Due to Power Outage
The rise in exports come despite a significant decline in domestic steel production, ISPA reported.
Iranian steelmakers produced 10.83 million tons of semi-finished products from March 21 to Aug. 22, down 12% year-on-year.
Billet and bloom made up 6.49 million tons of total semi-finished production, down 15% YOY and 54% month-on-month.
Slab output reached 4.33 million tons to register a 9% and 42% decline YOY and MOM respectively.
The output of finished steel decreased by 11% YOY to 7.57 million tons.
Long steel products had a 4.29 million-ton share in the output of finished steel products, posting a 7% decline compared with the similar period of last year.
Rebar production stood at 3.52 million tons (down 7% YOY and 46% MOM). It was followed by beams with 454,000 tons (down 11% YOY and 29% MOM) and L-beam, T-beam and other types with 324,000 tons (down 2% YOY and 43% MOM).
The production of flat steel with 3.27 million tons registered a 17% YOY decline in the five-month period.
Hot-rolled coil made up 3.23 million tons of the production in this category, showing a 15% and 28% YOY and MOM decline respectively, followed by cold-rolled coil with 1.02 million tons, down 10% and 12% YOY and MOM respectively; and coated coil with 618,000 unchanged from last year’s corresponding period but down 6% MOM.
Iran's output of direct reduced iron stood at 12.36 million tons during the period under review, down 4% and 44% YOY and MOM respectively.
The decline in steel output is due to the power outages and the restrictions imposed on steelmakers in the past few months.
Deputy Industries Minister Saeed Zarandi estimates the losses inflicted by power outages on steel mills (only those covered by the Iranian Mines and Mining Industries Development and Renovation Organization) to run at $235 million a week.
Summer demand has led to a severe power and water shortage in the past few weeks in most regions, resulting in blackouts and dry taps.
Electricity consumption on June 20 surpassed 62,000 MW.
The new record followed high temperatures nationwide, which drove general electricity consumption to new heights.
As the manufacture of steel and related products is an energy-intensive process, steel and cement factories were subsequently restricted by the Iran Power Generation, Distribution and Transmission Company (locally known as Tavanir) and have been only allowed to work at a fraction of their capacity in specific hours during the day.
The abrupt ban on the two key sectors created a shortage of steel and cement in local markets and prices increased overnight, creating new problems for most construction sectors.
Rasoul Khalifeh-Soltani, the head of ISPA, said at the heat of the blackouts that the power outages shut down 85% of steel industry’s production.
Vision Plan’s Steel Target
Iran is pursuing the target of becoming the world’s sixth largest steel producer as per the 20-Year Vision Plan, which targets annual production capacity expansion to 55 million tons and 20-25 million tons of exports per year by 2025.
“To achieve the goal of 55 million tons of annual steel production capacity, we have a shortage of at least 5,000 megawatts of electricity,” Zarandi was quoted as saying by Mehr News Agency.
Noting that production conditions were satisfactory until the third month of the current fiscal year (June 22-July 22) before facing power outages, Zarandi said, “In the past three months due to a lack of electricity supply to production units, especially in the cement and steel sectors, we bumped into problems.”
Tavanir Spokesman Mostafa Rajabi Mashhadi has said all power restrictions for industries will be removed by Sept. 23.
Appreciating the good cooperation of steel industry this summer, he announced the end of electricity supply restrictions on the industry by that date.
“This summer, a series of challenges such as unprecedented drought made it difficult to provide sustainable electricity to all subscribers, so given the priority of electricity supply to households and the public sectors, we were forced to impose restrictions on the industrial sector,” he was quoted as saying by ISNA.
Noting that such restrictions are applied worldwide in peak consumption periods, Rajabi said, “In our country, there was no restriction on industrial consumption from 12:00-10:00 a.m.”
Worldsteel Report
Iranian steel mills produced a total of 17.8 million tons of crude steel in the first seven months of 2021, which indicate a 9.9% rise compared with the corresponding period of 2020.
As per the latest report released by the World Steel Association, Iran's July output amounted to 2.6 million tons, up 9% year-on-year.
The report ranks Iran the world’s 10th biggest crude steel producer.
China was the world’s largest crude steel producer in the seven-month period with 649.3 million tons of steel output, up 8% YOY.
It was followed by India with 68 million tons (up 28.7%), Japan with 56.1 million tons (up 16.2%), the United States with 49.5 million tons (up 18.5%), Russia with 44.9 million tons (up 9.2%), South Korea with 41.3 million tons (up 8.7%), Germany with 23.6 million tons (up 18.9%) and Turkey with 22.9 million tons (up 17.7%).
Iran is placed after Brazil (ninth) with 21 million tons, 22% higher than the corresponding period of 2020.
The world’s 64 steelmakers produced a total of 1.17 billion tons of steel over the seven months under review, up 12.4% YOY. States located in Asia and Oceania collectively produced 853 million tons of the total.
The Middle East produced 25.3 million tons of crude steel in the seven months under review, posting an increase of 10% compared with the same period of last year.
Global steel output also experienced a 3.3% growth in July to 161.7 million tons.
World's major steel producers seem to have recovered their output in 2021, after the global closure of businesses and disruption in industrial operations, as a result of Covid-19 transmission in early 2019.
Crude steel is defined as steel in its first solid (or usable) form: ingots and semi-finished products (billets, blooms and slabs). This is not to be confused with liquid steel, which is steel poured.
The World Steel Association is one of the largest and most dynamic industry associations in the world, with members in every major steel-producing country.
Worldsteel represents steel producers, national and regional steel industry associations and steel research institutes. Members represent around 85% of global steel production.
The 64 countries included in this table represent 85% of global steel production.
Iranian steel mills produced a total of 29.02 million tons of crude steel in 2020, which indicate a 13.35% rise compared with 2019, the highest growth in output in the list of the world's top 10 producers.